How does a convex lens focus light?

A convex lens focuses light by converging parallel rays to a single focal point. This occurs due to the shape of the lens, which is thicker in the center and thinner at the edges. When parallel rays of light (such as those coming from a distant object) strike the lens, they refract or bend as they enter and exit the material. As the light passes through the lens, the shape causes the rays to bend towards the optical axis and converge at the focal point on the opposite side of the lens.

This principle is fundamental in optics and is crucial for the functioning of various optical devices, such as magnifying glasses, cameras, and correction lenses. The ability of a convex lens to focus light makes it a key component in enhancing visibility and clarity in these applications.

The other options describe different optical behaviors that do not relate to the focusing ability of a convex lens. For instance, dispersing light rays would suggest a prismatic effect, which is not characteristic of convex lenses, while reflecting light waves pertains to mirrors rather than lens functions. Absorbing different wavelengths does not address the mechanism of light focusing, as convex lenses primarily refract light rather than absorb it.