How is kinetic energy defined?

Kinetic energy is specifically defined as the energy that an object has due to its motion. This is mathematically expressed by the formula ( KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 ), where ( m ) represents the mass of the object and ( v ) is its velocity. This relationship highlights that the kinetic energy increases with the square of the velocity, illustrating how a small increase in speed can result in a significantly larger amount of kinetic energy.

Understanding kinetic energy is crucial in various fields, including mechanics and engineering, because it helps in analyzing motion and the interactions of moving objects. The concept emphasizes that energy is not just a static measurement; it changes according to the state of an object's motion.

The other definitions provided do not accurately represent kinetic energy. The first option refers to potential energy, which depends on an object's position rather than its motion. The third option discusses both potential and kinetic energies collectively, while the fourth option describes a state where an object possesses no kinetic energy since it is at rest. Thus, the definition of kinetic energy is clear and specific, focusing solely on its relationship to motion.