What does Ohm's law describe?

Ohm's law specifically describes the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in an electrical circuit. According to Ohm's law, the current flowing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage applied across those two points, provided the temperature and material properties remain constant. This fundamental principle is expressed mathematically as ( I = \frac{V}{R} ), where ( I ) is the current, ( V ) is the voltage, and ( R ) is the resistance.

Understanding this relationship is crucial because it allows for the calculation of one variable if the other two are known, enabling engineers and technicians to design and analyze electrical circuits efficiently. This law holds true for many conductive materials and is a cornerstone in electrical engineering and physics.

The other options involve concepts that either misinterpret the conditions under which Ohm's law applies or reference different principles in electricity and circuits. For example, while it may seem that resistance can vary with conditions like temperature, Ohm's law itself does not state that resistance is always constant; it applies under specific circumstances.