What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh. In this equation, PE represents potential energy, m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.81 m/s² near the surface of the Earth), and h is the height above a reference point (usually the ground).

Gravitational potential energy measures the energy stored in an object due to its vertical position in a gravitational field. The higher an object is situated, the more potential energy it possesses, assuming its mass remains constant. This relationship is linear, meaning that doubling the height would double the gravitational potential energy, reflecting the direct proportionality between height and potential energy.

The other options incorporate incorrect formulations or elements not relevant to potential energy in a gravitational context, which helps clarify why they do not represent the correct formula for gravitational potential energy.