Which principle explains how light can behave like a wave and a particle?

The principle that explains the dual nature of light, where it can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, is known as Wave-Particle Duality. This concept is fundamental to quantum mechanics and suggests that entities such as photons (light particles) can demonstrate behaviors characteristic of waves, such as interference and diffraction, while also behaving like particles, which can be counted and detected in discrete quantities.

Historical experiments, such as the double-slit experiment, illustrate this duality effectively. When light passes through two closely spaced slits, it creates an interference pattern on a screen that indicates wave-like behavior. However, when photons are detected one at a time, they hit the screen as discrete packets, showcasing their particle nature. This duality is essential for understanding many phenomena in modern physics, including the behavior of electrons and other subatomic particles.

Other principles mentioned, such as the Law of Reflection, Quantum Superposition, and Newton's Laws, address different aspects of physics. The Law of Reflection pertains to how light bounces off surfaces, Quantum Superposition involves the idea that particles can exist in multiple states simultaneously until measured, and Newton's Laws describe classical mechanics rather than quantum behaviors. Thus, none of these principles capture the unique duality of light as effectively